Belt sander



p 1954 F. G. ESKUCHEN BELT SANDER Filed July 23, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet l L. I I I I I I I I I U 192%72 for: E azz 6 EIF/rackerz j z'yorve'ey- Sept. 28, 1954 F. s. ESKUCHEN BELT SANDER 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 23, 1952 Will/I1 JEZ J 72 024 I 7z/% 6.4?19kcecfienz P 1954 F. e. ESKUCHEN 2,690,035

' BELT SANDER Filed July 23, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 -IT--II @Q.NN\.H. H MW 2% C mm msnaii ll kv mm av QM Sept. 28, 1954 F. G. ESKUCHEN BELT SANDER 4 Sheets-Shet 4 Filed July 23, 1952 Patented Sept. 28, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BELT SANDER; Frank. G. Eskuchen, Chicago, 111-. 'Applicat-ionjuly'zt, 1952, serial No. 300,545

6 Claims' (01.51-135) This invention relates to a combination tool of the type commonly employed in home workshops. More specifically, the invention relates to a device incorporating in a single unit a bench saw and a belt sander, thus offering to the user a combination of two tools which are in common demand for home worl zshcpuse.

The combination tool of the present invention is convenient and simple to operate, and yet extremely inexpensive to construct. By the present invention, a single table structure is employed for both the saw and the sander. The sander is, by a single operation, removed from the surfaceof the saw table, thus leaving the table unobstructedfor convenience of use of the saw, and simultaneously uncoupled from its motive means, thus eliminating the hazard and inconvenience which would arise from permitting the sander to continue to operate while not in use. p

. For understanding of the invention, reference is made to the attached drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the combination bench saw and belt sander of the invention, with a portion of the housing thereof broken away in section to show the interior thereof;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary front elevation of the housing which constitutes a portion of the device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the device of Fig. a portion being in broken section;

Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the device of Fig. E;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical section taken along the line 5-5 of Fig. 3 in the direction indicated by arrows;

Fig. 6 is a detail view, partially in section, taken along the line 6-6 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary vertical sectionalview taken along the line 'l-F of Fig. 5; i

Fig. 8 is an ofiset sectional view taken along the line 8'8 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view takenalong the line 9-9 of Fig. 8; V

Fig. 10 is a detail sectional view illustrating the 2 the table 28 is accomplished by bolts 3! which extend through apertures in the brackets 38'- and are threaded into nuts 33, which are welded to the housing 20'. The brackets 3i? areprovid'ed with arcuate slots 32, through which extend studs 34, which extend through apertures 33 in the housing 20 The studs 34 are provided with wingnuts- 38. Tightening of the wing-nuts 3B secures the table 28' in horizontal or tilting relation to the housing 20, the ears or flaps 38 having cali bration markings to indicate the angle of tilt. Pivoted inside the housing 20- by means of bolts 39 is a carriage or cradle 4!. Afiixed to each side sander carriage which constitutes a portion oi" of the cradle Al is a stud All", which extends outward through an arcuate slot 42 in the side of the housing 26'. J ournalled in suitable bearings in upwardly extending oppositely disposed "arms 44 of the cradle 4'! is a shaft it, upon which is mounted a circular saw blade 48. The saw blade extends upwardly-through a slot 553 in the table 2'8 The extent of protrusion of the saw blade d8 above the surface of the table 28 is thus ad'- justab'le by pivoting of the cradle M. The cradle 41- is locked at any desired position by tightening of knobs 52 upon studs M1. The shaft 4 8' is provided with a; pulley 54, which maybe coupled by a" suitable belt to a motor placed beneath the bench or table-top M.

It will be recognized that the structure thus far described is, as stated above, generally Sim-flair to a conventional bench-or table saw of the type commonly known as a "tilt' table saw. There are also provided, as is conventional in saw-s of this type; a blade-guard Gil, mounted by a bracket (ii, a movablerip fence" 52', and a mitre gauge or protractor assembly, generally designated by'tlte numeral 64 The position of the rip fence fifi may be adjusted with respect to the blade :38 by sliding the fence 5-2 along the table it, fastening into position being accomplished by means of a knob: 66- and thumbscrew ST. The rnitre gauge assembly slides back and forth in a milled groove 6'8 in the upper surface of the table 28, the protract'or and work stop portion Til of this assembly being 1 pivoted at F2 on the slide bar it, and being locked tend downwardly and frontwardly. Mounted between these brackets 82 is a belt sander assembly generally designated by the numeral 90. The carriage 92 of this assembly is a channel shaped member having a fiat upper portion 94, which serves as a backing plate, and depending side portions 96. At the ends of this assembly are journalled front and back drums 88 and I08. The rear drum I is affixed to a shaft I02 by a screw I04, which is threaded transversely through the shaft I82 (see Fig. 10), the surface of the drum I00 being countersunk to receive the head of the screw I04. The drum I00 and the shaft I02 are thus rigidly coupled together. An impregnated powdered metal sleeve bearing m6 is press-fitted through each of the sides 90 of the carriage 92, and the shaft I02 is j ournalled in these bearings. The extending end of the shaft Hi2 is provided with a pulley H0. The front drum 88 has pressfittecl through the ends thereof sleeve bearings II2 similar to the bearings I06. Through these bearings extends a shaft II4, the ends of which extend at either side of the carriage through elongated slots H0 formed in the side members 96 of the carriage. At the rear ends of these slots IIB are laterally extending ears IIB, which are formed integrally with the side members by a stamping and bending operation which simultaneously produces the slots H and the ears H8. The ears H8 have threaded apertures I25. Thumbscrews I22 extend forwardly through the ears I I8. The shaft I I4 is partially bored radially at I26 at each end to freely receive the ends of the thumbscrews I22. It will thus be seen that the sanding belt I30, which is mounted on the drums, will be driven by the shaft I02, to which the drum I00 is rigidly coupled, and the sanding belt will thus drive the front drum 9%. The tension on the belt I3Il may be adjusted by loosening or tightening of the thumbscrews I22. It will be noted that the front shaft I I4 does not rotate, the seating of the ends of the screws I22 in the bores I26 serving to maintain the rotative position of the shaft II4. The slotting H8 of the side members 98 permits the above described variation of the position of the shaft II4 to permit adjustment of the belt tension. In order to prevent loosening of the thumbscrews I22 due to vibration of themachine, there are provided compression springs I34, which bear against the ears II8 and washers I36, which latter are provided beneath the heads of the screws I22.

The side portions 80 of the sander carriage 92 are provided with threaded apertures I40, which are in register with the slots 84 in the brackets 82 described above. Thumbscrews I42 extend through the slots 84 and are threaded into the apertures I40 in the carriage 9B. Tightening of the thumbscrews I42, aided by washers I44 inserted under the heads thereof, serves to lock the sander carriage 92 into position relative to the sander table 28. Upon loosening of the thumbscrews I42, the carriage 92 may be slidingly moved to any place within the limits defined by the slots 84. When the screws I42 are at their uppermost (and rearwardmost) position in the slots 84, the top surface 94 of the carriage 02 is flush with the top of the table 23, as shown in Fig. 7. When the screws I42 are at their lowermost (and forwardmost) position, the top 94 of the carriage 92 is substantially below the level of the table 28, as shown in Fig. 10.

In the illustrated embodiment, the pulley II J, which is rearward and upward of the saw shaft 46, is coupled to a pulley II2 provided for this 7 purpose on the end of the shaft 46 by a belt H4.

4 If desired, however, this coupling may obviously be omitted and the shaft I02 may be independently driven.

At the front edge of the rectangular opening in the table 28 through which the upper surface of the sander may be elevated or lowered as described above, there is provided an L-shaped work stop I50, which is secured to the table 28 by screws I52. When the saw portion of the combination tool is in use with work pieces of a size suflicient to require unobstructed use of the table 28, the work stop I50 may easily be removed by removal of the screws I52.

To further add to the utility of the combination home work shop tool of the invention, to the outer end of the shaft 40 is secured an auxiliary shaft I60, to which is removably secured a drill chuck I62, which extends beyond the end of the table 28. The shaft I60and chuck I62 are provided with socket bores IEI and IE3 to permit ready removal of the chuck by the employment of rod wrenches to permit use of the shaft for other auxiliary purposes.

The operation and advantageous features of the combination tool herein described will readily be understood by those skilled in the art. Be cause the lowering of the carriage 02 beneath the surface of the table 28 at the same time moves the shaft I02, which is the drive shaft for the belt sander, downwardly and forwardly toward the main shaft 48, the operation of lowering the sander carriage simultaneously removes the belt tension of the belt II4, thus removing the drive from the sander. Because of this arrangement, the sander is automatically engaged in the drive system when it is in the operating or elevated position, and is automatically inactivated when it is in the lowered position wherein it is placed when the saw portion of the device is being used. Where an independent drive for the sander assembly is employed, as discussed above, it may also be suitably placed so as to produce such automatic engagement and disengagement of the sander.

As is well known, sanding belts will with extended use stretch to some extent, and differential stretching of the various portions of the belt may occur. With the present structure, adjustment for such differential stretching may readily be made by varying the adjustment of the thumbscrews I22 at the opposite sides of the belt, thus maintaining the tension on the two sides of the belt equal and preventing any tendency for the belt to run to either side of the drums.

Replacement of the sanding belt is likewise a simple operation, requiring merely the removal of thumbscrews I42, whereupon the entire sander assembly drops out from between the brackets 82, and the old belt may thus be removed and a new belt installed with proper adjustment of tension.

It will also be seen that the present structure, in addition to presenting the convenience features described above, affords a construction which is extremely inexpensive.

It Will be understood that various features of the device described and illustrated in the drawing will readily be adapted by persons skilled in the art to combination tools which differ substantially in appearance and in detail from that herein illustrated. Accordingly, the scope of the invention shall not be deemed to be limited by the particular embodiment selected for purposes of illustration, but shall be defined only by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A belt sander assembly for a combination workshop tool comprising a work table, a drive shaft journalled beneath the work table, the work table having a substantially rectangular opening, opposed brackets depending from the sides of said opening, a sander carriage between said brackets including a flat upper backing plate-and depending side members, rotatable drums at opposite ends of the carriage extending between the side members, each bracket having a pair of angularly sloping slots, clamping means extending through the slots and slidable therein and fixedly positioned on the carriage, the side members of the carriage being longitudinally slotted at one end thereof, a shaft extending through said slots and reciprocable therein, one of the drums being mounted on said shaft, a pair of ears extending laterally from the side members adjacent to the slots and screws respectively threaded through said ears, the shaft having radial recesses in which the ends of the screws are seated, a third shaft upon which the other of said drums is rigidly mounted, said third shaft being parallel with said drive shaft and being further from the drive shaft when the carriage is clamped in the upper sliding position in said angular slots than when the carriage is clamped in the lower sliding position.

2. A belt sander assembly for a combination workshop tool comprising a table member having a substantially rectangular opening therethrough, opposed brackets depending from the sides of said opening, asander carriage between said brackets including a fiat upper plate and depending side members, rotatable drums at opposite ends of the carriage extending between the side members, each bracket having apair of angularly sloping slots, and clamping means extending through said slots and slidable therein and fixedly positioned on the carriage, whereby the carriage may be mounted flush with the table member or withdrawn beneath the table memher.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the side members of the sander carriage are longitudinally slotted at one end thereof and there are provided a shaft extending through said slots and reciprocable therein, one of the drums being mounted on said shaft, and means for longitudinally positioning said shaft in the slots, whereby the spacing of said drums may be varied to vary the tension upon a sander belt.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the means for longitudinally positioning the shaft in the slots comprises a pair of ears extending laterally from the side members adjacent to the slots and screws respectively threaded through said ears, the shaft having radial recesses in which the ends of the screws are seated.

5. A belt sander assembly for a combination workshop tool comprising a work table, a sander carriage including a fiat back ing plate and rotatable drums at opposite ends of the carriage adapted to drive a sander belt over the backing plate, mutually slidable means on the carriage and on the table for selectively mounting the carriage in a position wherein the upper plate of the carriage is in the plane of the table and in a position wherein the upper plate of the carriage is in a plane beneath the plane of the table, and means responsive to raising and lowering of the table respectively to activate and inactivate said drums.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the means responsive to raising and lowering of the table respectively to activate and inactivate the drums comprises a drive shaft parallel with the axes of the drums and positioned to be nearer to one of the drum axes when the carriage is in the lowered position than when the carriage is in the raised position, and a belt coupling the shaft to the drum only when the carriage is in the raised position.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 452,632 Bennett May 19, 1891 975,166 Sellner Nov. 8, 1910 1,038,328 Ensign Sept. 10, 1912 1,789,398 Aubertin Jan. 20, 1931 

